30秒搭建测试环境，效率提升较高：Docker让环境管理不再折磨测试人

# Dockerfile
FROM python:3.9-slim

WORKDIR /app

COPY requirements.txt .
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt

COPY . .

EXPOSE 5000

CMD ["python", "app.py"]

# docker-compose.yml
version: '3.8'

services:
  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: test123
      MYSQL_DATABASE: test_db
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"

  app:
    build: .
    ports:
      - "5000:5000"
    depends_on:
      - db
    environment:
      DB_HOST: db
      DB_USER: root
      DB_PASSWORD: test123

  redis:
    image: redis:6.2
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"

# 启动所有服务
docker-compose up -d

# 查看容器状态
docker-compose ps

# 执行测试
curl http://localhost:5000/api/health

# 停止并删除所有容器
docker-compose down -v

# 确认无残留
docker ps -a

# 多阶段构建
FROM node:16 AS build
WORKDIR /app
COPY package*.json ./
RUN npm ci --only=production

FROM node:16-slim
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=build /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . .
EXPOSE 3000
CMD ["node", "server.js"]

# docker-compose.yml 中的健康检查
services:
  db:
    image: mysql:8.0
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin", "ping", "-h", "localhost"]
      interval: 5s
      timeout: 3s
      retries: 5

  app:
    depends_on:
      db:
        condition: service_healthy

# 创建隔离网络
docker network create --driver bridge test_network

# 启动容器并指定网络
docker run --network test_network --name db mysql:8.0
docker run --network test_network --name app myapp:latest

# 测试网络隔离
docker exec app ping db  # 成功
docker exec app ping google.com  # 失败，模拟内网环境

services:
  app:
    image: myapp:latest
    volumes:
      - ./src:/app/src  # 代码热更新
      - ./config:/app/config  # 配置文件热更新

# 构建基础镜像
docker build -t team/base-python:3.9 -f Dockerfile.base .

# 应用镜像继承基础镜像
FROM team/base-python:3.9
COPY . /app
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt

#!/bin/bash
# test_env_manager.sh

case "$1" in
  create)
    docker-compose -f $2 up -d
    echo "环境已创建"
    ;;
  run-test)
    docker exec test_app pytest tests/
    ;;
  destroy)
    docker-compose -f $2 down -v
    echo "环境已销毁"
    ;;
  *)
    echo "用法: ./test_env_manager.sh {create|run-test|destroy} <compose-file>"
    ;;
esac

# 查看资源使用
docker stats

# 查看日志
docker logs --tail 100 test_app

# 监控容器健康状态
docker inspect --format='{{.State.Health.Status}}' test_app